Social Business

Presentation A social business is a business which works under the standard of non-misfortune, non-profit reason for the investors or entrepreneurs with a point of accomplishing a specific social objective.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on Social Business explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Social business might be possessed by governments, noble cause associations or individual proprietors (Yunus Weber, 2007, p.24). The principle goal of a social business is to mitigate destitution through enabling individuals, particularly the less lucky and the poor with monetary assets to work together or through projects which give them business or access to less expensive and reasonable products and enterprises. The investors or proprietors of social business don't get any profits from the benefits made by the business yet just their underlying commitments to the social business (Yunus Weber, 2007, p.24). In this task, center is around talking about social business, its extension and potential in mitigating neediness. Instances of social business to be talked about incorporate the Grameen bank and Grameen Danone organizations both in country Bangladesh. Conversation Why Social Business The arrangement of free enterprise makes two social classes in the general public, that is, the wealthy and the have not’s (Milanoviä‡, 2010). The have not’s are poor people, minimized and mistreated and are dependent upon misuse by those who are well off. The key main impetus behind the foundation of social business was subsequently the disappointment of private enterprise to consider the situation of the have not’s in the society.Advertising Looking for examine paper on business financial matters? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Professor Yunus’ thought of social business is one that can be clarified as a success; win business both for the entrepreneurs and the poor in that the entrepreneurs help the poor without bringing about any misfortunes (Yunus Weber, 2007, p.24). Social business isn't noble cause, since nothing is given for nothing in social business. The motivation behind why social business doesn't go the cause way is on the grounds that foundation work just aides in making reliance disorder because of absence of manageability of the projects executed through foundation work. Rather than noble cause work, social business targets making an instrument in which poor people might be helped in a reasonable way in that the social business makes benefits simply like regular organizations, however the benefits are utilized for the development of the business to connect with considerably more individuals with the proprietors of social organizations just recovering their underlying sums which they put resources into the social business (Henry, 2011, p.139). The workforce in social business is principally poor people and less blessed. Th ey are utilized as a system of taking care of the issue of joblessness among poor people. The workforce is dealt with simply like some other. When the social business makes more benefits, the workforce might be given a few motivations to intention them to work much harder and better to improve the social business. As indicated by Professor Yunus, social business is assessed not on the measures of benefits it makes however on the social effects it makes in the general public (Yunus Weber, 2007, p.24).Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on Social Business explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Scope of Social Business Social business was at first framed with the principle goal of helping the poor through money related and instructive strengthening programs and natural assurance. Since its initiation, it has expanded its degree with a target of making it a multidisciplinary methodology to neediness easing and improvement. As per Baker in his diary t itled â€Å"Social Business-Aims and Scope†, social business goes past financial strengthening as imagined by its organizer Professor Yunus to incorporate corporate social obligation, enterprise, globalization, social and mechanical development, transformational promoting, manageability, prosperity, volunteerism, and remote guide (Baker, 2011). The extent of social business as examined by Baker consequently depicts it as a multidisciplinary way to deal with neediness easing in that it welcomes on board different controls and players together to pool up assets and endeavors so as to help the poor through working together in a supportable way. The multidisciplinary approach in this manner makes social business all round and builds its capacity to battle, destroy neediness and start advancement (Yunus, 2007). Capability of Social Business in Poverty Alleviation and Development Social business whenever done appropriately has a major capability of mitigating neediness and starting turn of events. According to the degree talked about above, social business envelops different players who unite their monetary, innovative and specialized contributions to consolidated endeavors which help in destitution annihilation as well as in improving the expectations for everyday comforts of the poor.Advertising Searching for explore paper on business financial aspects? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Whenever embraced in the best possible way, social business can put everything on the line in neediness lightening and advancement as talked about in the two contextual analyses underneath. Social Business Case Studies Grameen Danone nourishments ltd in Bangladesh This is an association social business between the Grameen bank of Bangladesh and an organization known as Danone. Built up in 2006, the target of the business is to give nutritious eating routine to offspring of rustic Bangladesh which is neediness blasted. The two organizations consented to step up to the plate because of destitution and malnourishment of youngsters in provincial Bangladesh, in which the eating routine of numerous kids needs numerous significant dietary segments like nutrients, iron, zinc and calcium (Yunus, 2007). The organization works on a no misfortune, no profit premise, implying that the organization proprietors just get back their unique commitments while the benefits go into the development of the business to connect with however many Bangladesh country youngsters as would be prudent. The organization makes uncommon yogurt which contains high substance of calcium, zinc, iron proteins and nutrients. The milk is offered to provincial Bangladesh kids at exceptionally financed costs making it moderate to numerous rustic Bangladesh residents. The business began a little scope yet it has seen an exponential development which has seen an ever increasing number of kids improve their wellbeing through the utilization of the exceptionally nutritious yogurt. The business is additionally extending and profiting the nearby domesticated animals ranchers, who endeavor to deliver milk and deal to the organization. The organization likewise utilizes individuals from the rustic Bangladesh as its workforce. In these manners, it has figured out how to improve the expectations for everyday comforts of the rustic Bangladesh individuals in a reasonable way (Yunus, 2007). Grameen bank in Bangladesh Grameen bank is a provincial based smaller scale credit activity propelled by Professor Yunus in the year 1975 and later settled into a microcredit foundation by the legislature of Bangladesh in 1983(Yunus, 2007). It works in the provincial territories of Bangladesh and its fundamental target is monetary strengthening of the rustic Bangladesh individuals. It works by giving the destitute individuals a few advances with no security. The credits are given to individuals who are sorted out into little gatherings. The bank doesn't have legitimate rules with respect to credit reimbursement yet rather, it depends on bunch peer strain to cause the gathering individuals to reimburse the advances (Yunus, 2007). The gathering individuals for all intents and purposes fill in as the insurance in that once a gathering part defaults reimbursing the credit, the gathering individuals add to reimburse and gather their commitments from the defaulter through their own systems and whenever it might su it them. The bank targets ladies in light of the sex disparities in Bangladesh which don't give ladies chances to work together. Actually, over 80% of the recipients of the bank administrations are ladies from provincial networks in Bangladesh. The bank has been developing and its effect has been expanding. This saw it get a Nobel harmony grant in 2006 along with its organizer Professor Mohammed Yunus. It has really put forth an admirable attempt in enabling poor provincial ladies in country Bangladesh (Yunus, 2007). Decision Social business is a way of thinking of battling neediness through working together. The thought was started by Professor Mohammed Yunus of the Vanderbilt University. The primary goal was to deal with the abundances of the free enterprise philosophy of working together, by supplanting the industrialist thought of benefit boost with social amplification. The extent of social business was at first prudent and instructive strengthening just as ecological insurance , yet as of late, its degree has been extended to incorporate different things like corporate social duty, enterprise, globalization, social and mechanical development, transformational advertising and maintainability. Social business works on a no misfortune, no profit premise. The benefits are utilized for the extension of the business in order to connect with whatever number individuals as could be expected under the circumstances. The achievement of a social business isn't assessed on the overall revenues yet on the effect it makes on individuals to the extent destitution easing, strengthening and advancement are concerned (Yunus, 2007). Instances of social organizations which have been a triumph incorporate the Grameen bank and Grameen Danone food ltd, both in Bangladesh. The Grameen bank targets enabling individuals, particularly poor rustic ladies monetarily by giving them credits without pledges to begin independent companies. Since its foundation, the bank has developed and extended to arrive at more ladies every year. Accordingly, the bank got a Nobel harmony grant in 2006 for its endeavors in enabling the poor provincial Bangladesh ladies e

Death of a Salesman :: Literary Analysis, Arthur Miller

What incorporates the American Dream? Arthur Miller’s â€Å"Death of a Salesman† offers a reasonable, distinct image of lives flooding with dreams wished and dreams broken; yet, there are no fantasies acknowledged here. Their fantasies contain brilliance and bravery over those which really can be accomplished. Albeit Willy, Linda, Biff and Happy, as people, despite everything have faith in the American Dream, it’s clear that it speaks to something else for each. Willy Loman has an inborn capacity for dreaming route past his abilities. All through the play, Willy’s dreams speak to more dream than truth, a conduct which his young men plainly mimic. However, regardless of the discussion, there is a continuous analysis for the world and the manner in which things work. He boasts about his deals for an outing, â€Å"I’m tellin’ you, I was selling thousands and thousands, however I needed to come home† (1224). It’s hard to discern whether the tales Willy advises are what he accepts to be valid or what he envisions is right; accordingly, he consistently lies to cover his weaknesses and mix-ups. Despite what might be expected, with all the â€Å"thousands and thousands† of dollars he is making, he whines about fundamental fixes to mechanical articles around the house: â€Å"Once in my life I might want to claim something inside and out before it’s broken! I’m consistently in a race with the ju nkyard† (1244)! Willy’s essential getaway from reality includes his sibling Ben, who embodies the American Dream; be that as it may, Willy’s escape with Ben is absolutely a fantasy of his creative mind. â€Å"Opportunity is colossal in Alaska, William. Shocked you’re not up there† (1230). His imaginings about Ben, while they give off an impression of being a figment all through the story, are completely reasonable in Willy’s mind. He genuinely accepts that Ben has arrived at the apex of the American Dream. Willy won't perceive that he has genuine capacities, as in the field of development. He shows up now and again to have trust later on, â€Å"on the way home this evening, I’d like to get some seeds† (1243). In any case, there is a sticking inclination of dread for Willy, as Linda finds, â€Å"†¦sure enough, on the base of the water radiator there’s another little areola on the gas pipe† (1237). In spite of the fact that the hallucinations that Willy advances are genuine to him, they are, all things considered, just that: Illusions. Where it counts he realizes things are not as they ought to be, with his family, his activity and his life.

Finding the Right Editor For Your Legal Writing Project

Finding the Right Editor For Your Legal Writing Project If his writing gig hadnt worked out so well, chances are Shakespeare may have made a fine legal editor in his day. Also likely true: He may have had to dial it back a few notches to comport with the more pragmatic goals of his clientele. Consider the following quote:The quality of mercy is not straind.It droppeth as the gentle rain from heavenUpon the place beneath: It is twice blessd;It blesseth him that gives and him that takes:Tis mightiest in the mightiest; it becomesThe throned monarch better than his crown;His sceptre shows the force of temporal power,The attribute to awe and majesty,Wherein doth sit the dread and fear of kings;But mercy is above this sceptred sway.It is enthroned in the hearts of kings,It is an attribute to God himself;And earthly power doth then show likest GodsWhen mercy seasons justice.Portia, disguised as young lawyer Balthazar in a Venetian Court of Justice, The Merchant of Venice, Act 4, scene 1Lets face it: Legal editing represents a unique conundrum. W hether mercy, or something else entirely, is the goal, an attorney or other legal professional who is seeking to hire an editor is looking for that unique individual who understands much is often at stake, and every phrase carries import.If youre searching for someone to edit legal text, first look for an individual who understands that caution and accuracy are paramount. After all, youre not producing a promotional press release or an advertisement. Rather, youre seeking assistance with documents that may well be placed under a microscope, scrutinized under the bright and unrelenting eyes of the court as well as opposing counsel. Under these circumstances, cute and catchy are rarely considerations. Rather, compelling is the watchword.What is the definition of compelling? According to Merriam-Webster, compelling is first defined as forceful, as in a compelling personality. Secondly, it is defined as demanding attention. Finally, compelling is defined as convincing. All three definit ions may prove relevant in a legal document. The nature of the editorial approach should largely depend on guidance provided by you, the client. Bear in mind, however, that even a recitation of just the facts can be made more compelling under the guidance of a skilled legal editor.Whereas the law is passionless, passion must ever sway the heart of man. AristotleAlthough your work is based in fact, you nonetheless seek to tell a great story that supports your overarching objectives as concisely as possible. Consider asking potential editors for samples of their own writingâ€"in addition to their editingâ€"that demonstrate an ability to forge a convincing narrative. A good editor is, first and foremost, an experienced, thoughtful writer, and this may prove the most effective test in determining compatibility. In almost any argument, you must convince your audience to care about what you have to say if you hope to prevail. A good editor will advance this cause.When seeking editorial as sistance for legal writing, also make certain any candidate under consideration understands and acknowledges your concerns. You may be looking for an editor to help unravel complex grammatical constructions, enhance clarity, and address inconsistencies and redundancies in the text. Most likely, youre not looking for heavy-handed editing that runs the risk of changing the meaning of the language. Make absolutely certain anyone you hire is aware of this and other editorial boundaries. Humility is a virtue when editing legal text. Editors are not attorneys, and respect for the original source of the information is critical. Look for an editor who is comfortable asking questions when necessary before altering text, especially in the early stages of your professional relationship.At the same time, take steps to ensure the editor you choose is competent enough to get the job done with questions kept to a minimum. Seek a well-organized individual who is capable of independently addressing the lions share of issues that arise. If you find yourself constantly beset by queries and delays, the arrangement may be of little benefit to you. More than likely, youre already buried under a mountain of unrelenting deadlines, with precious little time to spare.Consider the merits of an ink-stained wretchIts possible that former journalists may be uniquely suited for legal editing. There may well be some parallels between your goal of ensuring accuracy and consistency and the old journalists credo: If your mother says she loves you, check it out. A journalist may also help to ensure that youve addressed the five Wsâ€"who, what, when, where and whyâ€"in your argument. In summary, look for mature editors whose credentials mirror your values and objectives.Youll want to find an editor who pays close attention to the substance of headings and subheadingsâ€"critical navigational tools in your workâ€"ensuring key arguments are not buried in text that may otherwise be overlooked. Any ed itor you choose should be able to carefully examine your document, making certain that the narrative is logical and chronologically ordered when appropriate. A strong editor will also be able to identify and eradicate redundancies and superfluous adjectives that bog down your argument. Any inconsistencies in the textâ€"whether factual or structural in natureâ€"should be found and fixed by your editor. If youre interested in ensuring correct legal citations, youll also need to make certain that the editor you choose is versed in this specialized field and is also able to adapt to potential jurisdictional peculiarities.Availability, volume, deadlines and pricing are all key considerations in your choice of an editor. How quickly can the editor respond when a rush project arises? Given the heavy workload in most law practices when it comes to document production, it may be wise to inquire about the number of pages an editor is capable of reviewing per workday, as well as weekend availa bility. Make clear your expectations so that the editor is ready when projects are assigned. You may also want to discuss the need to adjust editing approaches when there simply isnt time for an ideal review. In practice, this is a common dilemma. Can your editor focus exclusively on major issues when you have an expedited project? Candidates who demonstrate inflexibility may prove problematic when a critical document is in play. Also iron out pricing arrangements for all contingencies beforehand. Its one less thing to worry about when an emergency deadline looms, and it will help your editor plan accordingly.The pen is mightier than the sword. Edward Bulwer-LyttonFinally, technical savvy is a definite plus. If your voluminous document requires a table of contents that spans several pages, will your editor be able to quickly produce it? Ask about this and other technical skills that really matter when youre faced with unforgiving deadlines. Also inquire about approaches to proofread ing. For instance, how will your editor address inconsistencies in the spelling of names and potential grammatical errors in citations? Its important to have these discussions up front so that your editor realizes such issues in legal text may pose unique problems. For instance, if they appear in a direct quote or a citation from an existing ruling, such problems should be left alone.Here again, humility and caution are virtues in your legal editor, because if these errors and inconsistencies are altered, it may render your citation factually inaccurate. You may hire a very good editor who does not know such things. Help them to excel by creating a list of the more esoteric aspects of your written projects, and stress the importance of adherence to the integrity of your work.Whether youre drafting a brief or a letter to a client, take the proper steps to ensure that the editor you choose helps advance your goals in all of your written work. Toward that end, ten important questions f or potential legal editors follow:Is the editor familiar with the The Bluebook?Does the editor have a proper legal dictionary? You might ask candidates if theyre familiar with Blacks Law Dictionary or another personal favorite.Can the editor provide examples of legal documents successfully edited?Does the editor demonstrate an understanding of basic legal issues?Can the editor navigate the intricacies of a court filing if necessary?Does the editor understand the structural elements of most legal documents?Can the editor create or edit headings and subheadings, produce a table of contents, create or edit footnotes, and perform other technical work necessary to finalize documents?Does the editor recognize the importance of proofreading at the final stages to ensure absolute accuracy?If volume is a consideration, can the editor complete all work in a timely manner?Finally, are the terms of the arrangement, including pricing, deadlines and expectations, agreeable to both parties?Additio nal online resourcesSeveral online guides outline the how tos of legal writing. A few helpful links for editors as well as clients are listed below. The last is just for kicks.ABA Journal: 10 Tips for Better Legal WritingCopyediting.com: How to Edit for LawyersThe Economist: Why Lawyers Love Shakespeare

Critique Of A Research Article - 1750 Words

Critique of a research article This paper is a critique of Alison Fuller and Lorna Unwin’s research article ‘Knowledge Workers’ as the New Apprentices: The Influence of Organisational Autonomy, Goals and Values on the Nurturing of Expertise’ Vocations and Learning’. Professor Alison Fuller, formerly of the University of Southampton, has been Chair in Vocational Education and Work at the Institute Of Education (IOE) since September 2013 while Lorna Unwin is Chair in Vocational Education at the IOE. This research article explores the concept of apprenticeship model in the context of the professional formation of knowledge workers and was carried out within a project funded by the UK’s Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC), ‘Learning as Work: Teaching and Learning Process in the Contemporary Work Organisation’. This project intends to break new theoretical and methodological ground by examining the interplay of the organisational context with processes of individual/group teaching and learning at work. Hence, the emphasis unavoidably leads to interpretations that reflect the values of the organisation and Fuller and Unwin’s world. With this in mind, this paper will examine the merits of the research by focusing on the strength weaknesses, as well as limitations, of the claims it presents. What is the problem that is addressed in the research? The paper raises the question of how the pressures of contemporary workplaces, in both the public and private sectors,Show MoreRelatedResearch Article Critique2605 Words   |  11 Pagesobjective of this assignment is to critique the research article titled ‘Staff-student relationships and their impact on nursing students’ belongingness and learning’. 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Risperidone for psychosis of Alzheimers disease and mixed dementia: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 20(12), 1153-1157. 2. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low dose risperidone in treating psychosis ofRead MoreEssay on Nursing Research Article Critique 990 Words   |  4 Pagesform new types of interventions in order to give adequate care across a of number of fields within the system. Research then, has been an essential part in providing definitive data, either by disproving previous beliefs or confirming newly found data and methods. Moreover, research in itself contains its own process with a methodological approach. Of the notable methods, quantitative research is often used for its systemic approach (Polit Beck, 2006). 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The Importance Of The Study And Practice Of Different...

The importance of the study and practice of different types of art education has been dated back to Plato’s time. Studying the arts today is often overlooked due to the other core classes and deemed unimportant, yet to many students it is something they’re passionate about. It takes time to learn and perfect the skills required to perform these arts similarly to how it takes time to learn new formulas and how they work in a math class. However, all over the country, there are schools losing state funds. Fine arts is one subject that is being hit the hardest by this. Classes such as band, drama, music, painting, etc., are either being taken out individually or they’re all being eliminated completely. All forms of art and art education aid to the improvement of student’s learning abilities and are essential to their school career, therefore it should not be ripped away from the school curriculum. Multiple different studies have been conducted regarding art e ducation and whether or not it actually has a significant impact on students. State’s standardized testing focuses mainly on the math and language arts scores. Time spent in these classes has been increased to accommodate for the high expectations on the test, meaning that the arts classes have been decreased. This decrease in arts classes is absurd considering that taking arts classes in school or as a type of extracurricular actually improve tests scores. A series of four longitudinal studies were conducted in 2012Show MoreRelatedArt Is All Around Us Essay1439 Words   |  6 PagesArt is all around us. From the exquisite foods we eat to the breath taking sculptures around the world. Every single person is connected to art in one way or another, whether you are alone in your room, jamming to your favorite song, or a world renowned painter. 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Night World Black Dawn Chapter 20 Free Essays

Maggie held Sylvia gently. Or at least, she knelt by her and tried to hold herasbest she could without disturbing the piece of broken spear that wasstill lodged in Sylvia’s body. It was all over. We will write a custom essay sample on Night World : Black Dawn Chapter 20 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Where Hunter Redfern and hismost trusted nobles had been, there was a large scorched crater in the earth. Maggie vaguely recalled seeing a few people running for the hillsGavin the slave trader had been among them. But Hunter hadn’t been one of them. He had been at ground zero when the blue fire struck, and nowthere wasn’t even a wisp of red hair to show thathe had existed. Except for Delos, there weren’t any Night Peopleleft in the courtyard atall. The slaves were just barely peeking out againfrom their huts. â€Å"It’s all right,† Jeanne was yelling. â€Å"Yeah, youheard me it’s all right!Delos isn’t dangerous. Notto us, anyway. Come on, you, get out of therewhat are you doing hiding behind that pig?† â€Å"She’s good at this,† a grim voice murmured. Maggie looked up and saw a tall, gaunt figure,with a very small girl clasped to her side. â€Å"Laundress!† she said. â€Å"Oh, and PJ.-I’m so glad you’re all right. But, Laundress, please†¦ .† The healing woman knelt. But even as she did, alook passed between her and Sylvia. Sylvia’s facewas a strange, chalky color, with shadows thatlooked like bruises under her eyes. There was alittle blood at the corner of her mouth. â€Å"It’s no good,† she said thickly. â€Å"She’s right,† Laundress said bluntly. â€Å"There’snothing you can do to help this one, Deliverer, andnothing I can do, either.† â€Å"I’m not anybody’s Deliverer,† Maggie said. Tearsprickled behind her eyes. â€Å"You could have fooled me,† Laundress said, andgot up again. â€Å"I see you sitting here, and I see allthe slaves over there, free. You came and it happened-the prophecies were fulfilled. If you didn’tdo it, it’s a strange coincidence.† The look in her dark eyes, although as unsentimental as ever, made Maggie’s cheeks burn suddenly. She looked back down at Sylvia. â€Å"But she’s the one who saved us,† she said, hardlyaware that she was speaking out loud. â€Å"She deserves some kind of dignity†¦.† â€Å"She’s not the only one who saved us,† a voicesaid quietly, and Maggie looked up gratefully atDelos. â€Å"No, you did, too.† â€Å"That’s not what I meant,† he said, and kneltwhere Laundress had. One of his hands touched Maggie’s shoulder lightly, but the other one wentto Sylvia’s. â€Å"There’s only one thing I can do to help you,† hesaid. â€Å"Do you want it?† â€Å"To become a vampire?† Sylvia’s head movedslightly in a negative. â€Å"No. And since there’s woodnext to my heart right now, I don’t think it would work anyway.† Maggie gulped and looked at the spear, whichhad cracked in the confusion when the guards ran. â€Å"We could take it out – !† I wouldn’t live through it. Give up for once, will you?† Sylvia’s head moved slightly again in disgust. Maggie had to admire her, even dying, she still hadthe strength to be nasty. Witches were tough. â€Å"Listen,† Sylvia said, staring at her. â€Å"There’ssomething I want to tell you.† She drew a painfulbreath. â€Å"About your brother.† Maggie swallowed, braced to hear the terrible details â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"It really bugged me, you know? I would put on my nicest clothes, do my hair, we would go out †¦and then he’d talk about you.† Maggie blinked, utterly nonplussed. This wasn’t at all what she had expected. â€Å"He would?† â€Å"About his sister.How brave she was. How smartshe was. How stubborn she was.† Maggie kept blinking. She’d heard Miles accuse her of lots of things, but never of being smart. Shefelt her eyelids prickle again and her throat swellpainfully. â€Å"He couldn’t stand to hear a bad word about you,† Sylvia was saying. Her purple-shadowed eyes narrowed suddenly, the color of bittersweet nightshade. â€Å"And I hated you for that. But him †¦ I liked him.† Her voice was getting much weaker. Aradia knelton her other side and touched the shimmering silvery hair. â€Å"You don’t have long,† she said quietly, as if giving a warning. Sylvia’s eyes blinked once, as if to say she understood. Then she turned her eyes on Maggie. â€Å"I told Delos I killed him,† she whispered.†But †¦I lied.† Maggie felt her eyes fly open. Then all at onceher heart was beating so hard that it shook herentire body. â€Å"You didn’tkill him? He’s alive?† â€Å"I wanted to punish him†¦ but I wanted himnear me, too†¦.† A wave of dizziness broke over Maggie. She bentover Sylvia, trying not to clutch at the slender shoulders. All she could see was Sylvia’s pale face. â€Å"Please tell me what you did,† she whisperedwith passionate intensity. â€Å"Please tell me.† â€Å"I had him †¦ changed.† The musical voice wasonly a distant murmur now. â€Å"Made him a shapeshifter †¦ and added a spell. So he wouldn’tbe human again until I wanted †¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"What kind of spell?† Aradia prompted quietly. Sylvia made a sound like the most faraway ofsighs. â€Å"Not anything that you need to deal with,Maiden†¦. Just take the leather band off his leg.He’ll always be a shapeshifter †¦but he won’t be lost to you†¦.† Suddenly her voice swelled up a little stronger,and Maggie realized that the bruised eyes werelooking at her with something like Sylvia’s oldmalice. â€Å"You’re so smart †¦ I’m sure you can figure outwhich animal †¦Ã¢â‚¬  After that a strange sound came out of herthroat, one that Maggie had never heard before.Somehow she knew without being told that itmeant Sylvia was dying-right then. The body in the green dress arched up once andwent still. Sylvia’s head fell back. Her eyes, the color of tear-drenched violets, were open, staringup at the sky, but they seemed oddly flat. Aradia put a slender dark hand on the paleforehead. â€Å"Goddess of Life, receive this daughter of Hellewise,† she said in her soft, ageless voice. â€Å"Guideher to the other world.† She added, in a whisper,†She takes with her the blessing of all the witches.† Maggie looked up almost fearfully to see if theshining figure who had surrounded Aradia like anaura would come back. But all she saw was Aradia’s beautiful face, with its smooth skin the color of coffee with cream and its compassionate blindgaze. Then Aradia gently moved her hand down to shutSylvia’s eyes. Maggie clenched her teeth, but it was no use.She gasped once, and then somehow she was in the middle of sobbing violently, unable to stop it.But Delos’s arms were around her, and she buriedher face in his neck, and that helped. When she gotcontrol of herself a few minutes later, she realizedthat in his arms she felt almost what she had inher dream, that inexpressible sense of peace and security. Of belonging, utterly. As long as her soulmate was alive, and they weretogether, she would be all right. Then she noticed that P.J. was pressed up againsther, too, and she let go of Delos to put one armaround the small shaking body. â€Å"You okay, kiddo?† she whispered. P.J. sniffed. â€Å"Yeah. I am, now. It’s been prettyscary, but I’m glad it’s over.† â€Å"And you know,† Jeanne said, looking down atSylvia with her hands on her hips, â€Å"that’s how Iwant to go. Taking my own way out †¦ and totally pissing everybody off at the end.† Maggie glanced up, startled, and choked. Thenshe gurgled. Then she shook her head, and knewthat her crying spell was over. â€Å"I don’t even know why I’m like this about her. She wasn’t a nice person. I wanted to kill her myself.† â€Å"She was a person,† Delos said. Which, Maggie decided, was about the best summing-up anybody could provide. She realized that Jeanne and Laundress andDelos were looking at her intently, and that Aradia’s face was turned her way. â€Å"Well?† Jeanne said. â€Å"Do you know? Which animal your brother is?† â€Å"Oh,†Maggie said. â€Å"I think so.† She looked at Delos. â€Å"Do you happen to knowwhat the name Gavin means? For a shapeshifter?Does it mean falcon?† His blacklashed golden eyes met hers. â€Å"Hawk orfalcon. Yes.† Warm pleasure filled Maggie. â€Å"Then I know,† she said simply. She stood up, and Delos came with her as if he belonged by her. â€Å"How can we find the falcon she had with her thatfirst day we met? When you were out with the hunting party?† â€Å"It should be in the mews,† Delos said. A fascinated crowd gathered behind them as theywent. Maggie recognized Old Mender, smiling and cackling, and Soaker, not looking frightened anymore, and Chamber-pot Emptier †¦ â€Å"We really need to get you guys some newnames,† she muttered. â€Å"Can you just pick one or something?† The big girl with the moon face and the gentleeyes smiled at her shyly. â€Å"I heard of a noble named Hortense once†¦ .† â€Å"That’s good,† Maggie said, after just the slightestpause. â€Å"Yeah, that’s great. I mean, comparatively.† They reached the mews, which was a dark littleroom near the stable, with perches all over thewalls. The falcons were upset and distracted, and the air was full of flapping wings. They all lookedalike to Maggie. â€Å"It would be a new bird,† Delos said. â€Å"I thinkmaybe that one. Is the falconer here?† While everyone milled around looking for him, Jeanne edged close to Maggie. â€Å"What I want to know is how you know. How didyou even know Gavin was a shapeshifter at all?† â€Å"I didn’t-but it was sort of logical. After all, Bernwas one. They both seemed to have the same kind of senses. And Aradia said that Sylvia took care of Miles down at her apartment, and Bern and Gavinwere both there. So it seemed natural that maybeshe made one of them pass the curse along toMiles.† ‘But why did you figure Gavin was a falcon?† â€Å"I don’t know,† Maggie said slowly. â€Å"I justwell,he looked a little bit like one. Sort of thin andgolden. But it was more things that happened-he got away from Delos and over to the hunting party too fast to have gone by ground. I didn’t really think about it much then, but it must have stuckat the back of my mind.† Jeanne gave her a narrow sideways glance. â€Å"Stilldoesn’t sound like enough.† â€Å"No-but mostly, it was that Milesjust had to bea falcon. It had to be something small-Sylviawould hardly be carrying a pigora tiger or a beararound with her up the mountain. And I saw herwith a falcon that first day. It was something she could keep near her, something that she could control. Something that was an-accessory. It just allmade sense.† Jeanne made a sound like hmph.†I still don’tthink you’re a rocket scientist. I think you luckedout† Maggie turned as the crowd brought a little manwith a lean, shrewd face to her-Falconer. â€Å"Well,we don’t know yet,† she murmured fervently. â€Å"ButI sure hope so.† The little man held up a bird. â€Å"This is the newone. Lady Sylvia said never to take the green bandoff his leg-but I’ve got a knife. Would you like todo it?† Maggie held her breath. She tried to keep herhand steady asshe carefully cut through the emerald green leather band, but her fingers trembled. The leather tie fell free-and for a moment hexheart stood still, because nothing happened. And then she saw it. The rippling changeasthebird’s wings outstretched and thickened and thefeathers merged and swam†¦and then Falconerwas moving back, and a human form was takingshape†¦ . And then Miles was standing there, with his auburn hair shining red gold and his handsome,wicked smile He gave her the thumbs-up sign. â€Å"Hey, I knew you would rescue me. What arelittle sisters for?† he said-and then Maggie was inhis arms. It seemed a long time later that all the hugging and crying and explaining was done. The slavesthe ex-slaves, Maggie corrected herself-had begunto gather and organize themselves and make plans.Delos and Aradia had sent various messengers outof the valley. There were still things to be settled-months’ andyears’ worth of things. And Maggie knew that lifewould never be the same for her again. She would never be a normal schoolgirl. Her brother was a shapeshifter-well, at least itwas a form he could enjoy, she thought wryly. Hewas already talking to Jeanne about a new way ofgetting to the summits of mountains-with wings. Her soulmate was a Wild Power. Aradia had already told her what that meant. It meant that theywould have to be protected by the witches and Circle Daybreak until the time of darkness came andDelos was needed, so that the Night World didn’tkill them. And even if they survived until the final battle†¦it was going to be a tough one. Plus, she herself had changed forever. She feltshe owed something to the people of the valley,who were still calling her the Deliverer. She wouldhave to try to help them adjust to the Outside world. Her fate would be intertwined with theirsall her life. But just now, everybody wastalking about getting some food. â€Å"Come into the castle-all of you,† Delos saidsimply. He took Maggie’s arm and started toward it. Justthen P.J. pointed to the sky, and there was an awed murmur from the crowd. â€Å"The sun!† It was true. Maggie looked up and was dazzled.In the smooth, pearly sky of the Dark Kingdom, in exactly the place where the blue fire had flashedfrom the earth, there was a little clearing in theclouds. The sun was shining through, chasing awaythe mist, turning the trees in the surrounding hillsemerald green. And glinting off the sleek black walls of the castlelikeamirror. A place of enchantment, Maggie thought, lookingaround in wonder. It really is beautiful here. Then she looked at the boy beside her. At hisdark hairjust now extremely tousled-and hissmooth fair skin, and his elegant bones. At themouth which was still a bit proud and willful, but was mostly vulnerable. And at those fearless, brilliant yellow eyes whichlooked back at her as if she were the most important thing in the universe. â€Å"I suppose that all prophecies come true by accident,† she said slowly and thoughtfully. â€Å"From just ordinary people trying and lucking out.† â€Å"There is nothingordinary about you,† Delossaid, and kissed her. Onefrom the land of kings long forgotten; One from the hearth which still holds the spark; One fromthe Day World where two eyes are watching; One fromthe twilight to be one with the dark. How to cite Night World : Black Dawn Chapter 20, Essay examples

SEABURY CONSTRUCTION CORP. V. DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION E

SEABURY CONSTRUCTION CORP. V. DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION COMMENT The price preference program for minority-owned and woman-owned business enterprises and qualified joint ventures in public works procurement projects with the City of New York was declared invalid by the New York State Supreme Court of New York County.1 The City had implemented a price preference procurement program under the authority of the New York City Charter (?NYC Charter?), which generally requires that all competitive procurements using sealed bids be awarded to the lowest responsible bidder. Section 313(b)(2) of the NYC Charter has an exception to the general rule: The agency letting the contract ? shall ? award the contract to the lowest responsible bidder, unless the mayor shall determine ? that it is in the best interest of the city that a bid other than that of the lowest responsible bidder shall be accepted. In 1991, a new NYC Charter section was added which required the Department of Business Services to promulgate rules to ensure meaningful participation of minority-owned and woman-owned businesses in the City's procurement procedures. The rules which were promulgated established a 10 percent ?target percentage? for minority-owned and woman-owned businesses, and qualified joint ventures. If a bid from a minority-owned or woman-owned business, or a qualified joint venture was not the lowest bid, but was within the target percentage of the lowest bid, then the purchasing agency would forward that bid and the lowest bid to the Mayor for a determination as to whether it was in the best interest of the City to award the contract to other than the lowest responsible bidder. In early 1993, the Department of Environmental Protection awarded three projects to two companies that were qualified joint ventures. The lowest responsible bidder for these contracts had been submitted by Seabury Construction Corporation (?Seabury?). The two companies awarded the contracts submitted bids which were higher than Seabury's bids, but were within the 10 percent ?target percentage.? The City's Chief Procurement Officer, acting for the Mayor, had determined that it was in the City's best interest to accept the higher bid from the qualified joint ventures. Seabury then sued the City, claiming that NYC Charter ? 313(b)(2) violated section 103(1) of the General Municipal Law (?GML?). The relevant part of GML ? 103(1) reads as follows: Except as otherwise expressly provided by an act of the legislature or by a local law adopted prior to September first, nineteen hundred fifty-three, all contracts for public work involving an expenditure of more than twenty thousand dollars ? shall be awarded by the appropriate officer, board, or agency of a political subdivision ? to the lowest responsible bidder?. The court turned its attention to NYC Charter ? 313(b)(2) in an effort to determine whether that section of the NYC Charter was adopted prior to September 1, 1953. However, both counsel and the court appear to have overlooked a key statutory construction analysis which could have provided a colorable, though likely unsuccessful, argument contrary to the court's conclusion. GML ? 103 was enacted in 1953.2 The relevant part of the original statute read as follows: Except as otherwise expressly provided by an act of the legislature, or except in an emergency, all contracts for public work involving an expenditure of more than twenty-five hundred dollars ? shall be awarded by the appropriate officer, board, or agency of a political subdivision ? to the lowest responsible bidder?. The phrase, ?or by a local law adopted prior to September first, nineteen hundred fifty-three? is conspicuously absent from the original legislation. The department memorandum relating to the bill includes the following remarks: The primary objective of this bill is to harmonize and to extend the application of laws relating to public bidding on contracts let by counties, cities, towns, villages, school districts and district corporations?. Section 103 will apply ?except as otherwise expressly provided by an act of the legislature?. The quoted phrase was inserted in view of provisions in city charters and other laws of limited application which may prescribe different requirements with respect to public bidding.? The law was then amended in 1955.3 The amended law read as follows: Except as otherwise expressly provided by an act of the legislature or by a local law adopted prior to September first, nineteen hundred fifty-three, or except